Search Medication
| Level | Qualifying studies |
|---|---|
| A | Systematic review or meta-analysis of human trials |
| B | Human RDBPC trials. ≥ 2 studies and/or 1 study with ≥ 50 subjects |
| C | Human RDBPC trials or RCTs. 1 study < 50 subjects |
| D | Human trials or in-vivo animal trials |
| N/A | Insufficient evidence to suggest that any significant nutrient depletions exist |
Results for Omeprazole: 4
Evidence Rating ScaleIron
Summary: Gastric acid plays an important role in the absorption of nonheme iron from the diet. Because proton pump inhibitors, such as lansoprazole (Prevacid®) and omeprazole (Prilosec®), reduce the acidity of stomach contents, they can reduce iron absorption [3]. Treatment with proton pump inhibitors for up to 10 years is not associated with iron depletion or anemia in people with normal iron stores [105]. But patients with iron deficiency taking proton pump inhibitors can have suboptimal responses to iron supplementation [106].
Gastric acid plays an important role in the absorption of nonheme iron from the diet. Because proton pump inhibitors, such as lansoprazole (Prevacid®) and omeprazole (Prilosec®), reduce the acidity of stomach contents, they can reduce iron absorption [3]. Treatment with proton pump inhibitors for up to 10 years is not associated with iron depletion or anemia in people with normal iron stores [105]. But patients with iron deficiency taking proton pump inhibitors can have suboptimal responses to iron supplementation [106].
Administration of a PPI to patients with HH can inhibit the absorption of non-haem iron from a test meal and the habitual diet.
Magnesium
Summary: The cases of PPIH show severe symptoms of magnesium depletion and identification of its causation was only possible through withdrawal of the PPI. Clinical awareness of PPIH is key to avoid putting patients at risk.
The cases of PPIH show severe symptoms of magnesium depletion and identification of its causation was only possible through withdrawal of the PPI. Clinical awareness of PPIH is key to avoid putting patients at risk.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used in clinical practice for the prevention and treatment of peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux. Hypomagnesemia has recently been recognized as a side effect of PPIs. Low magnesium levels may cause symptoms from several systems, some of which being potentially serious, such as tetany, seizures and arrhythmias. It seems that PPIs affect the gastrointestinal absorption of magnesium. Clinicians should be vigilant in order to timely consider and prevent or reverse hypomagnesemia in patients who take PPIs, especially if they are prone to this electrolyte disorder.
PPI use may increase the risk of hypomagnesemia. However, significant heterogeneity among the included studies prevented us from reaching a definitive conclusion. Among patients taking PPIs, the median proportion of patients with hypomagnesemia was 27.1% (range, 11.3-55.2%) across all included studies.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is informing the public that prescription proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drugs may cause low serum magnesium levels (hypomagnesemia) if taken for prolonged periods of time (in most cases, longer than one year). In approximately one-quarter of the cases reviewed, magnesium supplementation alone did not improve low serum magnesium levels and the PPI had to be discontinued.
Vitamin B12
Summary: Proton pump inhibitors, such as omeprazole (Prilosec®) and lansoprazole (Prevacid®), are used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcer disease. These drugs can interfere with vitamin B12 absorption from food by slowing the release of gastric acid into the stomach [86-88]. However, the evidence is conflicting on whether proton pump inhibitor use affects vitamin B12 status [89-92]. As a precaution, healthcare providers should monitor vitamin B12 status in patients taking proton pump inhibitors for prolonged periods [85].
Proton pump inhibitors, such as omeprazole (Prilosec®) and lansoprazole (Prevacid®), are used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcer disease. These drugs can interfere with vitamin B12 absorption from food by slowing the release of gastric acid into the stomach [86-88]. However, the evidence is conflicting on whether proton pump inhibitor use affects vitamin B12 status [89-92]. As a precaution, healthcare providers should monitor vitamin B12 status in patients taking proton pump inhibitors for prolonged periods [85].
In conclusion, the possibility of dietary vitamin B12 malabsorption should be considered in patients receiving chronic omeprazole treatment and presenting with signs and symptoms of deficiency. All healthcare workers should be made aware of the potential clinical complications of omeprazole-associated vitamin B12 deficiency since it may go unrecognized and is easily corrected. This is particularly relevant for elderly patients with poor dietary intake of vitamin B12, impaired vitamin B12 stores, and certain gastrointestinal disorders.
These findings support an association between chronic use of H2RA/PPI by older adults and development of vitamin B(12) deficiency. Additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Omeprazole causes protein-bound vitamin B12 malabsorption, and ingestion of an acidic drink improves protein-bound vitamin B12 absorption.
Omeprazole therapy acutely decreased cyanocobalamin absorption in a dose-dependent manner.
Zinc
Summary: Zinc absorption decreased after omeprazole administration (141 [34] mg/dL/h) compared with pre-omeprazole values (245 [35]; p < 0.01). Suppression of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole reduces intestinal absorption of zinc.
Zinc absorption decreased after omeprazole administration (141 [34] mg/dL/h) compared with pre-omeprazole values (245 [35]; p < 0.01). Suppression of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole reduces intestinal absorption of zinc.
